Since the emergence of the Ottoman Empire, Iran and its western neighbor have shared a long and interconnected history marked by complex political and social developments. The collapse of the Ottoman Empire and the subsequent abolition of the Caliphate were among the most significant events of the twentieth century, profoundly affecting West Asia and the Middle East. The Caliphate was dismantled in two stages: its separation from the Sultanate in November 1922 and its complete abolition by the Turkish Parliament in March 1924. Both the causes and consequences of these developments fall outside the scope of this study.

This study examines the reflections and impact of the abolition of the Caliphate on the Iranian press and, consequently, on Iranian political thought. It argues that this event positively influenced Iranian intellectual attitudes, particularly in the post-Constitutional Revolution period. This influence is reflected in the limited number of contemporary newspaper articles that indicate an emerging intellectual readiness and growing interest in republicanism among segments of Iranian public opinion.

Based on a documentary and library-based approach, the study draws on primary sources, historical documents, and contemporary press materials to provide a general picture of the attitudes of the Iranian public, intellectuals, writers, and press toward the abolition of the Caliphate, the establishment of republicanism in Turkey, and the emergence of republican aspirations in Iran.