This article aims to answer the question, what are the most important issues or challenges in Afghanistan? How are they formed? What process have they gone through? And what will be their situation for the year 1402? The subject under discussion is usually such that it does not have the hypothesis or hypotheses that are proposed in explanatory research. However, the power struggle in Afghanistan, the issue of recognizing or not recognizing the Taliban, the issue of women in Afghanistan, and finally the economic issues of Afghanistan are considered as four important issues that the political life of the Taliban is highly dependent on. This article is written in a descriptive-analytical way using library resources. The findings of the article showed that Afghanistan's challenges will continue in the four areas mentioned in the coming year unless either the Taliban adjust their extremist policy or the international community is forced to encourage the Taliban to respect human rights, form an inclusive government, the improvement of the economic situation, and cooperation in the fight against terrorism, recognize the government of this group.