مطالعات خاورمیانه

مطالعات خاورمیانه

واکاوی سیاست انگلستان در خلیج‌فارس (2003-1970)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
عباس نادری 1
کیهان برزگر 2
حمید احمدی 3
1 دانشجوی دکتری رشته روابط بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 (نویسنده مسئول)، دانشیار گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بینالملل، دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
3 استاد تمام‌وقت دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران و استاد مدعو گروه روابط بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد
چکیده
خروج انگلیس به­عنوان یک ابرقدرت سنتی از منطقه خلیج‌فارس در اوایل دهه 1970، نقطه‌ عطفی در سیاست خارجی این کشور و نیز روابط منطقه‌ای و بین‌المللی کشورهای حوزه خلیج‌فارس به ‌شمار می‌رود. این مقاله سعی در پاسخ به این پرسش دارد که سیاست‌های منطقه‌ای انگلیس در خلیج‌فارس در بازه‌ زمانی۱۹۷۰ تا ۲۰۰۳ بر چه مبنایی استوار بوده است؟ فرضیه اصلی مقاله این است که سیاست‌های منطقه‌ای انگلستان تابعی از منافع اقتصادی این کشور به‌ویژه مسئله تأمین انرژی از طریق حفظ توازن قوا بین کشورهای منطقه بوده است. بر این اساس، نویسندگان با بهره‌گیری از مدل مایکل برچر و روش تاریخی–تحلیلی‌، ساختار سیاسی داخل حزبی انگلیس که منجر به چرخش نخبگان سیاست خارجی می‌شود را به‌عنوان یک عامل مؤثر محیط عملیاتی بر سیاست خارجی این کشور در منطقه‌ خلیج‌فارس و در موضوع خروج نیروهای نظامی انگلستان از منطقه بررسی کرده‌اند. همین متغیر یکی از عوامل اصلی ورود دیگرباره انگلیس به تحولات منطقه نیز بوده است. نویسندگان به این نتیجه می‌رسند که ساختار دو حزبی حاکم بر انگلیس همواره بر سیاست خارجی این کشور در منطقه خلیج‌فارس تأثیرگذار بوده و این روند تا زمان کنونی نیز ادامه دارد
کلیدواژه‌ها
خلیج‌فارس
نظام ادراکی نخبگان
ساختار حزبی
محیط روانی
محیط عملیاتی
ساختار نظام بین‌الملل
انگلیس

عنوان مقاله English

Analysis of British policy in Persian Gulf (1970-2003)

نویسندگان English

Abbas Naderi 1
kayhan barzegar 2
hamid ahmadi 3
1 -
2 Associate Professor, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Faculty of Law, Theology and Political Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran
3 Full Time Professor, Faculty of Law and Political Science, University of Tehran and Visiting Professor, Department of International Relations, Faculty of Law, Theology and Political Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad
چکیده English

Britain's withdrawal from Persian Gulf in the early 1970s is a turning point in the country's foreign policy as a traditional superpower and regional and international dynamics between Persian Gulf countries. This article tries to answer this question: what was the basis of British regional policies in the Persian Gulf between 1970 and 2003? The main hypothesis of the article is that England's regional policies have been a function of the country's economic interests, especially, Britain tried to ensure the security of energy supplies through the balancing of power between regional countries. Using Michael Brecher's model and the historical-analytical method, the authors consider the internal party political structure of England, which leads to the rotation of foreign policy elites, as an effective factor in the operational environment of this country's foreign policy in the Persian Gulf and the withdrawal of British military forces. This variable has been one of the main factors of England's re-entry into regional developments. The authors conclude that the two-party structure ruling England has always influenced this country's foreign policy in the Persian Gulf region and this process continues until now

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Persian Gulf
Elites' Cognitive System
Party Structure
Psychological Environment
Operational Environment
Structure of International System
England

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