One of the rivers that forms about 42 kilometers of the common border between the two countries of Iran and Iraq; The border river is Sirvan. So far, no agreement has been drawn up between the two countries regarding the use of the water of this river. The present research was carried out with the aim of "investigating the security challenges of the Sirvan border river based on regional and international laws and regulations". The subject is descriptive and analytical. Data collection has been done by using a tool to scan documents and documents. The analysis of the findings has been done using the qualitative content analysis method.
Findings: The possibility of a negative reaction of the local people to any action by the Iranian government for a political agreement without considering the economic interests and geopolitical requirements with the country of Iraq; The unprofessional exploitation of the mentioned river in the regional area and in general the economic and security challenges, including the security challenges of the border river of Sirvan, are based on regional laws and regulations and can be in the international arena as well; Iraq filed a lawsuit in international forums against Iran; It will lead to slander against Iran in the domestic arena (public opinion) of Iraq.
Conclusion: Achieving a comprehensive agreement, agreeable to all parties and in accordance with international laws, between the Republic of Iran and Iraq is one of the prerequisites for establishing stable security in the western borders of our country.