From the outbreak of the bloody conflict in Gaza on October 7, 2023, until the announcement of a ceasefire in January 2025, Turkish foreign policy experienced one of its most complex phases regarding the Palestinian issue. This article, drawing on the theoretical framework of neoclassical realism, examines the diplomatic, security, economic, and humanitarian actions of the Turkish government during this critical period. The study shows that an entangled context of domestic public pressure, ideological considerations, partisan rivalries, and strategic imperatives shaped Türkiye’s response to the Gaza war. During this time, the Erdoğan administration oscillated between mediation and confrontation, military threats and legal action, ongoing trade and selective restrictions, seeking to maintain a dynamic balance between symbolic commitments and structural interests. The article argues that Türkiye’s policy on Gaza cannot be understood merely as inconsistent behavior or reactive measures, but rather as the outcome of a complex interplay between internal and international variables.