This study introduces the theoretical framework of Iranian Dialectics, which seeks to establish the relationship between national and supranational variables in shaping Iran’s foreign policy in the Persian Gulf from Antiquity to the present Islamic Republic. At the national level, key indicators include the belief systems of decision-makers, regime political survival strategies, Iran’s political economy, geopolitical position, and geographical realm. The supranational level encompasses the world order and the international division of labor. These components are essential in shaping Iran’s interactions with both regional and global actors. The framework identifies indicators derived from these variables, addressing dynamics such as agent-structure realities, symmetric and asymmetric interdependence, bureaucracy and the non-governmental circles, and system's rules. The concept of Iranian Positive Dialectics refers to the constructive interplay between national agents and international structures, predominant from Antiquity until the fall of the Pahlavi dynasty. In contrast, Iranian Negative Dialectics emerged with the Islamic Republic, marked by conflict and confrontation between Iran and the global order. Recent developments suggest the emergence of a Quasi-Negative Dialectics, representing a potential shift toward limited cooperation under evolving domestic and international conditions.